Analisis Kadar Flavonoid Total Ekstrak Etanol Daun Kelakai Merah (Stenochlaena palustris (Burm F.) Bedd) Berbantu Ultrasonik
Analysis of Total Flavonoid Content in Ethanol Extract of Kelakai Merah Leaves (Stenochlaena palustris (Burm F.) Bedd) Assisted by Ultrasonication
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.25026/mpc.v18i1.700Abstract
Kelakai merah is a typical plant of Kalimantan that is widely used for medicinal purposes. This plant is reported to contain numerous secondary metabolite compounds, including phenolic and flavonoid compounds. This research aims to determine the flavonoid content of the ethanol extract of red kelakai leaves (Stenochlaena palustris (Burm F.) Bedd) extracted using ultrasonic assistance. Ultrasonic-assisted extraction was carried out with variations in time (5, 10, 15, 20, and 25 minutes) and temperature (20, 30, 40, 50, and 60°C). The extract obtained during the ultrasonic-assisted extraction process was then measured for flavonoid content using the spectrophotometry method. The research results showed the highest yield of the extraction process at a temperature variation of 60°C with a time of 20 minutes (20%). The highest flavonoid content was obtained at a temperature variation of 50°C with a time of 25 minutes (51.86 ppm quercetin in 100 mg of extract). This study provides evidence that ultrasonication can be used as an effective method for extracting total flavonoids from red kelakai leaves, which have the potential for applications in the development of herbal and pharmaceutical products based on this plant material.
Keywords: Kelakai merah, Extraction, Ultrasonic, Flavonoid
Abstrak
Kelakai merah merupakan tanaman khas kalimantan yang banyak digunakan sebagai obat. Tanaman ini dilaporkan memiliki banyak kandungan senyawa metabolit sekunder diantaranya senyawa golongan fenolik dan flavonoid. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kadar flavonoid dari ekstrak etanol daun kelakai merah (Stenochlaena palustris (Burm F.) Bedd) yang diekstraksi dengan menggunakan bantuan gelombang ultrasonik. Ekstraksi berbantu ultrasonik dilakukan dengan variasi waktu (5, 10, 15, 20 dan 25 menit) dan suhu (20, 30, 40, 50 dan 60°C). Ekstrak yang diperoleh pada proses ekstraksi berbantu ultrasonik kemudian diukur kadar flavonoid menggunakan metode spektrofotometri. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan rendemen terbesar proses ekstraksi terdapat pada variasi suhu 60°C dengan waktu 20 menit (15%). Kadar flavonoid tertinggi diperoleh pada variasi suhu 50°C dengan waktu 25 menit (2,56%). Penelitian ini memberikan bukti bahwa ultrasonik dapat digunakan sebagai metode yang efektif untuk mengekstraksi flavonoid total dari daun kelakai merah, yang memiliki potensi aplikasi dalam pengembangan produk-produk herbal dan farmasi yang berbasis pada bahan tumbuhan ini.
Kata Kunci: Kelakai merah, Ekstraksi, Ultrasonik, Flavonoid
References
Fitriyani, A., Khusniyah, K., Rahayu, M.O., Adawiyah, N.R. and Abriyani, E., 2022. Analisis Senyawa Flavonoid Daun Kelakai, Jeruk Kalamansi Dan Kulit Buah Alpukat Dengan Metode Spektrofotometri Uv-Vis. Journal of Comprehensive Science (JCS), 1(5), pp.1339-1345.
Hendra, R., Khodijah, R., Almurdani, M., Haryani, Y., Nugraha, A.S., Frimayanti, N., Teruna, H.Y. and Abdulah, R., 2022. Free radical scavenging, anti-infectious, and toxicity activities from Stenochlaena palustris (Burm. F.) Bedd. extracts. Advances in Pharmacological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2022.
Yeti, A. and Yuniarti, R., 2021. Penetapan Kadar Flavonoid Total Ekstrak Etanol Herba Rumput Bambu (Lopatherum gracile Brongn.) dengan Metode Spektrofotometri Visible. FARMASAINKES: Jurnal Farmasi, Sains, dan Kesehatan, 1(1), pp.11-19.
Midian. 2007. Penuntun fitokimia dalam farmasi. Bandung: Penerbit ITB. Hal: 177-178.
Susanty S, Yudistirani SA, Islam MB. Metode Ekstraksi Untuk Perolehan Kandungan Flavonoid Tertinggi dari Ekstrak Daun Kelor (Moringa oleifera Lam.). Konversi. 2019;8(2):31-36.
Ramisetty, K.A., Pandit, A.B. and Gogate, P.R., 2015. Ultrasound assisted preparation of emulsion of coconut oil in water: Understanding the effect of operating parameters and comparison of reactor designs. Chemical Engineering and Processing: Process Intensification, 88, pp.70-77.
Sasadara, M.M.V. and Wiranata, I.G., 2022. Pengaruh Pelarut dan Metode Ekstraksi terhadap Kandungan Metabolit Sekunder dan Nilai IC50 Ekstrak Umbi Bit (Beta vulgaris L.). Usadha, 2(1), pp.7-13.
Hakim, A.R., Savitri, A.S. and Saputri, R., 2021. Aktivitas Antioksidan Dari Infusa Kelakai (Stenochlaena palustris (Burm. F) Bedd). Journal Pharmaceutical Care and Sciences, 1(2), pp.121-125.
Siddiqui, M.M., Rais-Bahrami, S., Turkbey, B., George, A.K., Rothwax, J., Shakir, N., Okoro, C., Raskolnikov, D., Parnes, H.L., Linehan, W.M. and Merino, M.J., 2015. Comparison of MR/ultrasound fusion–guided biopsy with ultrasound-guided biopsy for the diagnosis of prostate cancer. Jama, 313(4), pp.390-397.
Sholihah, M.A., Ahmad, U. and Budiastra, I.W., 2017. Aplikasi gelombang ultrasonik untuk meningkatkan rendemen ekstraksi dan efektivitas antioksi dan kulit manggis. Jurnal keteknikan pertanian, 5(2).
Sembiring, E.N., Elya, B. and Sauriasari, R., 2018. Phytochemical screening, total flavonoid and total phenolic content and antioxidant activity of different parts of Caesalpinia bonduc (L.) Roxb. Pharmacognosy journal, 10(1).
Chaves, J.O., De Souza, M.C., Da Silva, L.C., Lachos-Perez, D., Torres-Mayanga, P.C., Machado, A.P.D.F., Forster-Carneiro, T., Vázquez-Espinosa, M., González-de-Peredo, A.V., Barbero, G.F. and Rostagno, M.A., 2020. Extraction of flavonoids from natural sources using modern techniques. Frontiers in Chemistry, 8, p.507887.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2023 Proceeding of Mulawarman Pharmaceuticals Conferences
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
